The biomechanical preparation is a crucial step in endodontic treatment, responsible for shaping, cleaning, and disinfecting the root canals prior to obturation. However, performing this preparation ideally is always challenging, especially in complex anatomies where there is a risk of deviating from the original canal path. For years, this preparation was carried out using stainless steel instruments which, due to their rigidity, presented an increased risk of causing deviations and apical foramen transposition. Additionally, these instruments required the adjunct use of cervical pre-enlargement burs, which allowed for greater dentin removal and consequently reduced tooth longevity. In this context, nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments introduced a new approach to endodontic preparations. Being more flexible, they adapt to the complex conformations of the root canal, enabling a more effective, safe, anatomical, and agile shaping, with reduced professional stress and greater comfort for the patient.
